March 1st, 2007 by 
ajmch
Il
est intéressant de relever dans quelle mesure les textes sacrés soutiennent les
partisans et les adversaires de l’excision. Ceux qui s’opposent à cette
manifestation de la barbarie doivent contester la validité de certains textes,
en interpréter d’autres à la limite du sophisme, chercher des références
lointaines et se fonder sur des considérations non religieuses (tradition
obscurantiste, danger d’infection, conséquences sociales, destruction de la
confiance de l’enfant en ses parents). Tandis que les adeptes de la
mutilation trouvent leurs arguments centraux dans les textes les plus
acceptés et dans les processus d’évaluation légale les plus communs. Cliquer
sur l’image pour voir l’émission.
Extraits des échanges:
Mahmoud Ashur: “Female circumcision is a traditional
custom, and not a religious act. All the hadiths dealing with female
circumcision are unreliable. Moreover, the hadith cited by those who support
circumcision calls to refrain from it more than it calls to perform it.
[...]
“Female circumcision is not part of Islam. Rather, it
is a traditional custom. Under no circumstances should we follow this custom,
because it leaves a deep wound in the souls of these girls, which has a
psychological, emotional, and social impact on their lives. Female circumcision
does a lot of damage. This damage is harmful, and it shatters the girl’s soul.
Therefore, it is absolutely forbidden to perform this custom. No person should
do this, because it is harmful and causes damage.
[...]
“This is a despicable, ugly, and evil custom. It is
performed by a woman who uses inappropriate and non-sterile instruments. She
may be passing on to the girl a terrible disease, or causing her a wound that
never heals, because the person who performs this custom lacks expertise and
experience, and does not know how to sterilize the instruments, and therefore
she inflicts terrible diseases upon the girls.”
[...]
Muhammad Al-Mussayar: “All the jurisprudents,
since the advent of Islam and for 14 centuries or more, are in consensus that
female circumcision is permitted by Islam. But they were divided with regard to
its status in shari’a. Some said that female circumcision is required by
shari’a, just like male circumcision. Some said this is the mainstream
practice, while others said it is a noble act. But throughout the history of
Islam, nobody has ever said that performing female circumcision is a crime.
There has been a religious ruling on this for 14 centuries.”
[...]
Mahmoud Ashur: “In the days of Jahiliya [i.e. the
pre-Islamic period] and in the early days of Islam, a man whose mother carried
out this custom was scorned by people who called him ‘you son of a clitoris
cutter.’ This proves that it was never part of the religion of Islam. As for
male circumcision, it is the approved mainstream practice, as determined by
Islam and as instructed by the Prophet Muhammad.”
[...]
“There is no doubt that we must reach agreement on
this issue. There must be a decisive view and a resolute decision on this
custom especially, because it is evil. When people perform it, they do so out
of extreme ignorance, and it has a severe impact on marital life.”
[...]
Muhammad Al-Mussayar: “First of all, there are
reliable hadiths in Al-Bukhari and Al-Muslim which support female circumcision. The
Prophet Muhammad said: ‘If a circumcised woman and man have intercourse, they
must undergo ablution.’ Unreliable hadiths do not cancel out the reliable ones.
We have unreliable hadiths regarding prayer, fasting, charity, and pilgrimage.
Should we abolish prayer and charity just because some hadiths are unreliable?
According to some hadiths in Al-Bukhari and Al-Muslim, ‘If a circumcised woman
and man have intercourse, they must undergo ablution.’ People would curse one
another by saying: ‘You son of a clit woman’ – the son of a non-circumcised
woman. The objections to circumcision are illogical and unnatural.
Interviewer: What is the justification for doing
this?”
Muhammad Al-Mussayar: “First of all, allow me…
Regarding the claim that the instruments are not sterile – this is the reality
and is not part of religious law. If there are dentists who do not sterilize
their instruments, should we abolish medical faculties and dental clinics, or
should we demand that they rectify the situation? Flawed reality cannot serve
as a religious argument. The claim that female circumcision leads to
barrenness is not true. The Muslim woman bears more children than any other
woman. It is the Western woman who is barren, even though she is not
circumcised. Moreover, when talking about nervous breakdowns… This is
considered a day of celebration for the family.”
Interviewer: “A day of celebration for the family?!
Let me begin with the psychological effects. According to some studies, when
there is a celebration, and sweets are given to the girl, and then an act is
performed in which the girl’s flesh is cut off… this makes her lose trust in
her family, first of all. This generates an inner problem. As for the medical,
physical problem, there is a problem in childbirth. There are lacerations,
microbes, deformities – this is what the doctors say.”
Muhammad Al-Mussayar: “Sterilization is necessary in
such cases. Cutting off a part of the human body does not mean a violation of
its sanctity. How many human body parts are cut off in plastic surgery, and so
on, yet we do not consider this offensive to the woman?”
Interviewer: “What is the reason for circumcising
girls?”
Muhammad Al-Mussayar: “First of all, the claim that
this is a Pharaonic or Jahili practice…”
Interviewer: “Let’s assume that this is a religious
requirement…”
Muhammad Al-Mussayar: “It isn’t…”
Interviewer: “Nevertheless, hypothetically speaking,
what is the main reason for this?”
Muhammad Al-Mussayar: “Some sources said: ‘Reduce, but
do not remove.’ In other words, it is neither about removing the organ, nor
about leaving it. It is a trustworthy Muslim doctor who makes the decision. She
decides whether the girl needs it or not. We do not obligate every girl to
undergo circumcision. We say it should be left up to the doctor, and she can
evaluate the case and determine whether the girl needs circumcision or not.”
Interviewer: “Why would she need it? Sheikh Mahmoud
Ashur, would you like to comment? What are the reasons that one could say… Go
ahead…”
Mahmoud Ashur: “If it is left up to the doctor, then
it is a custom and not part of the religion.”
[...]
Muhammad Al-Mussayar: “Female circumcision is
no less valid just because it was practiced in Pharaonic times and in the
Jahiliya. Islam accepted some customs, which were harmonious with human nature,
and rejected others, which contradicted human nature.”
[...]
Interviewer: “Some studies show that the upbringing at
home is the main thing, and that 95% of all prostitutes [in Egypt] are
circumcised.”
Muhammad Al-Mussayar: “And 100% of the prostitutes in
the West are not circumcised, so what is the problem?”
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